Bulgarian Empire

Genius remembers the address of this site in a second: (Apex Chinese), the fastest update! No advertisements!? By the end of 1925, Bulgaria’s ten-year plan had been more than half completed. Many projects invested in the early stage have now come to harvest time .

Up to now, Bulgaria's total industrial volume has increased by 63% compared with 1921, with an average annual industrial growth rate of 13%, ranking first in the world.

On the other hand, the biggest competitor in Ferdinand's mind, the British Empire, has experienced a negative growth in the total industry in recent years. Compared with 1921, not only did it not grow, but it fell by nearly 13 percentage points.

Ferdinand was not surprised by this situation. The British industry was also in decline during the same period of history. Before the economic crisis broke out in 1929, the total industrial output of the British Empire only accounted for 9% of the world's total. Compared with 1913 year fell by one-third.

Without the help of the three North American countries to pull data, the total industrial volume of the British Empire is actually terrible, and the total industrial volume of the mainland has been overtaken by Bulgaria.

The number of people engaged in manufacturing has fallen by a quarter from the previous year, and the decline would have been still greater had it not been for the confusion in Germany.

No matter how it falls, the British Empire is still the world's number one industrial power, accounting for 30.6% of the world's total industry, followed by Bulgaria, whose total industry accounts for only 10% of the world's total industry At 8.3, the gap between the two sides is still huge.

In contrast, the industrial growth rate of Germany and Italy is very impressive, with an annual growth rate of more than 10%, although only light industry is growing.

Italy's current industrial output has surpassed its peak period, and it has increased by nearly 18% compared with the peak in 1914.

Germany has also recovered to the total industrial volume of 1907, and this figure would have been even higher had there not been a sudden outbreak of the Ruhr crisis.

If Britain and France continue to transfer production capacity, it may take a few years for Germany's industry to recover, and Italy will have the opportunity to surpass France and become the fourth largest industrial country in Europe.

Although Britain and France are going downhill in industry, their economic development speed is not slow at all, far exceeding the world's average economic growth level.

With the bonus of deindustrialization, the economic growth rate of the British reached 6.3% in 1925, and that of the French reached 7.1%.

At least half of this growth was contributed by real estate. As a price, in 1925, the average house price in the UK rose by more than 40%, while the house price in London nearly tripled.

The average increase in housing prices in France has also exceeded 20%, and the increase in housing prices in Paris is as high as 100%.

These are all inevitable. The British Isles are limited in size and the growth rate of house prices is fast. It is also inevitable. In contrast, the land area of ​​France is much larger, more than twice that of the British, but the population of the two countries is almost the same.

Ferdinand didn't even bother to look at these false data. According to economists, the economic growth of Britain and France violated the laws of the market. Once the economy was artificially hyped up, once the bubble burst, it would have disastrous consequences.

However, it seems that every economic crisis in the capitalist world is artificially hyped and adjusted by the market itself. How is that possible?

Capital is all about profit. Driven by profit, there is nothing that capitalists dare not do. When it comes to economic research, the black hands behind the scenes are the most professional.

"Your Majesty, this is the government work summary sheet for 1925, please have a look!"

As Constantine spoke, he handed over a report to Ferdinand. The summary of the government's work is definitely not something that can be put down on a list. What is handed over to Ferdinand is just a catalog.

The detailed work situation, if summed up, might not fit in one room, and Ferdinand didn't have the time to study it carefully.

After a brief scan, it was the same as the reports from previous years.

Nothing new, nothing more than industry, agriculture, education, medical care, economy.

What concerns him is that the speed of agricultural development in Bulgaria has begun to lag behind. Even though he has increased investment in agriculture, the speed of agricultural development has been overtaken by other industries.

If nothing else, this gap will continue to widen in the future, and the scissors gap between industry and agriculture will continue to widen.

"Prime Minister, have you noticed that in 1925 Bulgaria's agricultural output increased by only eight per cent, including our newly developed arable land.

If after deducting this part, the actual agricultural growth rate will be even lower, does it also mean that our rural economy has now reached its limit? ' asked Ferdinand

"Your Majesty, this is an inevitable result. The rapid growth of our agriculture in the past few years was based on the large-scale land reclamation by military nobles. Now that their land has almost been reclaimed, the rapid growth has naturally stopped.

As for our rural economy, there is little potential for development, and some economists even believe that our rural economy will regress in the future.

From the perspective of income growth rate, in 1925, the income growth rate of farmers was only 1.2%, while the average wage growth rate of the whole society remained at about 5.3%.

If there are no surprises, within 20 years, Bulgaria's agricultural population will drop by half. Due to the difference in income, many agricultural populations will turn into industrial populations!

Our land structure will also change, and the situation of land mergers will become more serious. It has become a development trend that a large amount of land will be gathered in the hands of a few people. "Konstantin analyzed

Ferdinand nodded slightly. He also knew these things. With the development of science and technology, integrated agriculture is the future development direction, and the small-scale peasant economy has no prospects for development.

Although Bulgarian farmers now have a per capita arable land area of ​​up to 19.5 hectares (one hectare equals 15 acres), and in some areas they are all considered landlords, they still cannot stop this from happening.

Well, the averaged data is unreliable. There are not a few big nobles in Bulgaria who own tens of thousands of hectares of land. The Bulgarian agricultural company even holds tens of millions of hectares of land, so they are averaged out. It is very crap for farmers.

In fact, the land holdings of farmers are very small, accounting for only 5.7% of Bulgaria's national land. In this way, the land holdings of most people are only about 1 hectare.

This is also an inevitable result. Although the population growth rate of Bulgaria is very fast, it does not mean that the population growth rate of farmers is also very fast.

Although the birth rate in rural areas is the highest, most of these people choose to leave when they become adults. Except for the eldest son who inherited the family business, everyone else has to go out to fend for themselves.

Moreover, there are still a large number of immigrants in Bulgaria. Ferdinand did not turn them into farmers, let alone do the stupid thing of distributing land. Most of these people turned into workers.

As of 1925, the agricultural population of Bulgaria still did not exceed 8 million. This is counting all the new babies in the countryside. If you deduct those who are destined to go out to make a living, the number will be even lower, perhaps less than 5 million .

In Bulgaria, there is no difference between urban and rural household registration. It may only take one day to transition from a farmer to a worker, and to transition from a worker to a farmer, you only need to buy a piece of land.

In this sparsely populated country, restricting the population to settle down is completely nonsense.

There are no interests to contend for, so the Bulgarian government will naturally not impose restrictions.

Education is an elite education. No matter how hard you work, it is impossible for a genius to be admitted to a university. Only by completing compulsory education, there is a big difference in the quality of education.

Not to mention medical resources. First of all, you must have money. The medical expenses in this era are simply not affordable by ordinary people. It is useless to fight without money!

It is very simple to change your household registration in Bulgaria. You only need to live in one place for three years, have a legal income, and have no criminal record.

"Prime Minister, has the government considered that if the income of farmers is increased, we must know that with the continuous development of the economy, many rural people will become poor in the future due to the scissors gap between industry and agriculture!" Ferdinand thought for a while and said

"Your Majesty, this issue is very complicated. Unless they can increase their land holdings, the increase in income will be very limited just by increasing production!

Even changing to cash crops is not so easy, because of social supply and demand, apart from wheat and potatoes, the prices of other economic agricultural products are difficult to stabilize. Even if the government guides, there is no way to solve the problem.

For example, the price of apples this year is very high, but when everyone grows apples, the apple harvest will be abundant in three to five years, and the price will naturally drop due to the increase in production. In the end, instead of helping the fruit farmers, they will suffer even more losses. ’ Constantine explained

Ferdinand nodded. This is an inevitable result. Unless a planned economy is implemented, it will be unavoidable according to the natural regulation of market laws.

"Well, this is a very serious social problem. If nothing else happens, our rural population will become poor in 20 years.

We have to make preparations in advance, such as: guiding them to work in cities, selling or contracting out the land; in areas with special conditions, we can also develop special industries suitable for the local area..." Ferdinand thought for a while and said

In the middle of the twentieth century, the problem of farmers' income is a worldwide problem. Bulgaria's problems are minor by comparison.

Due to several wars, many farmers in Bulgaria evolved into military nobles. After the rise of these people, they basically went to the fiefdoms to develop.

Their departure eliminated the tension in the local land and eased the conflict between people and the land. Otherwise, there is no need to wait twenty years for this issue. Now Ferdinand has to consider the income gap between urban and rural areas.

Although in the long run, it is an inevitable choice of the times for the income of the working class to exceed that of the peasantry, the living standard of the peasants is still higher than that of the workers in the short term.

"Your Majesty, the conditions are not yet ripe. Judging from the current economic situation in Bulgaria, it is too early to develop the tertiary industry. Our domestic tourism industry, which has just started, is still struggling.

It is easy to build a tourist attraction, but it is impossible to make a profit in the short term. The income of the people is still very limited, and their enthusiasm for tourism is not high.

As for other special industries, the Ministry of Agriculture has actually been engaged in them for a long time, planting some special products according to local conditions, but the current output value is limited.

The most representative one is the Rose Industrial Park that you personally explained, but this kind of success cannot be replicated, and other regions do not have this particularity! ’ Constantine explained

Ferdinand nodded. Not all industries can create an industrial chain. For example, roses belong to Bulgaria's special industry. Although it exists in other places, there is no way to compare with Bulgaria's in terms of quality.

This is the core factor for the success of the Ferdinand Rose Industrial Park. The whole world knows that Bulgarian roses are the best, and the brand value has been born.

Whether it is choosing rose essential oil, rose drink, or rose wine, the first reaction of ordinary people is to think of Bulgaria.

God's back garden is the best advertising slogan!

Under the operation of Ferdinand, this sentence has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The added brand value is reflected in the benefits. The success of the Rose Industrial Park is not as simple as it seems on the surface.

In contrast, Ferdinand's still-operating wine industry chain is much weaker in terms of development potential, and its profitability is even more incomparable.

The French wine brand has been established, and the Bulgarian wine can only be seconded. Although it is not a winner-take-all, the winner still takes the biggest share.

It is impossible to achieve a counterattack in the short term. Without dozens of hours of hard work, it is difficult to establish a Bulgarian wine brand.

If a brand cannot be established, naturally there will be no brand value, and the profit will be very limited.

In the end, the profit is fed back to the grape planting. The profit of wine is not high, so the income of the fruit farmers who grow grapes will naturally not be high.

Ferdinand was recalling that Bulgaria is such a large country, and there are those special products, and those agricultural products have the possibility of international promotion, and finally found that there are many things, but not many with economic value.

For example: handmade leather shoes, handicrafts and corals in Serbia; tourism and fruits in Greece; carpets and dates in the Arabian Peninsula; plant resources in Asia Minor...

These industries may have room for development in the future, but in this period, none of them have any economic value.

People all over the world are not yet rich. Isn't it nonsense to develop these industries? Who is still interested in traveling when there is still not enough to eat?

If tourism cannot be developed, who can these industrial souvenirs be sold to?

The same is true for fruits. There are too few people with spending power. Most people can only afford cheap local fruits, and high-end imported ones are too extravagant.

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